Katanga

Katanga was a province in the southeastern part of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (formerly Zaire) that played a significant role in the political and historical developments of the country. Here are the key points related to Katanga:

  1. Independence Period (1960): At the time of Congo's independence in 1960, Katanga, under the leadership of Moïse Tshombe, unilaterally declared independence from the central government in Leopoldville (now Kinshasa). This declaration led to a conflict known as the Katangese secession crisis, where the province sought to remain independent.

  2. Belgian Involvement: There were allegations of Belgian involvement in the Katangese secession. Some observers believed that Belgian interests, particularly in the mining sector, supported the independence movement in Katanga.

  3. United Nations Intervention: The United Nations intervened to preserve the territorial integrity of Congo. A UN peacekeeping force was deployed to halt the secession of Katanga. This military intervention lasted until 1964.

  4. Return to National Unity: Eventually, Katanga became part of the Democratic Republic of the Congo again, and the secession crisis ended with the reunification of the province with the rest of the country.

After this period, Katanga remained a crucial region in Congo, particularly due to its rich natural resources, including copper and other minerals. Later, in 2015, the province of Katanga was divided into four new provinces as part of a decentralization process in Congo.

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